Central Otago Wine

Central Otago has the distinction of growing the most southerly grapes in the world. Some of its vineyards are located at a latitude of 45 degrees south, but most lie within the Northern-Hemisphere equivalent of Burgundy. It is also New Zealand's highest-altitude wine region, with some vineyards located between 600ft and 1300ft (180m and 400m) above sea level.

The exact boundaries of the Central Otago region are not official but a geographic indication is currently being developed. However, wineries are scattered around four distinguishing sub-regions: Gibbston, the Cromwell Basin (including Bannockburn), the Alexandra Basin (including Bendigo), and Wanaka.

One of the most distinct features of the Central Otago wine region is its marginal continental climate with extreme seasonal and diurnal temperature variation. This poses a frost risk for an extended period of the year, a reason why most of the vineyards lie on hill slopes or employ frost protection on flatter sites through helicopters, wind machines, frost pots and water sprinklers. A position on the sloped hillside ensures better exposure to the sun and cold-air drainage to minimise risks of frost damage.

On the other hand, summer days are hot and dry with cool nights to develop flavor complexity. These climatic features, along with the schist- and mica-based soils, are reflected in the styles of wines produced in the region.

Pinot Noir is by far the most successful grape variety here, and has brought worldwide recognition to the region. These wines are often described as voluptuous and extremely fruit forward. The wines of Central Otago have purity, intensity and vibrancy compared to the Pinot Noir produced in Marlborough, which is lighter, and Martinborough, which displays the ripeness of being in a warmer climate.

Other notable wines are based on Chardonnay, Riesling and Pinot Gris. Overall, the wines are characterized by their purity and expression of fruit.